1:	Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2009 May 1;14(5):E210-E216. Analysis of new diagnostic methods in suspicious lesions of the oral mucosa. Trullenque-Eriksson A, Muñoz-Corcuera M, Campo-Trapero J, Cano-Sánchez J, Bascones-Martínez A. Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Bucofacial. Facultad de Odontología. UCM. Avda Complutense s/n 28080.Madrid, Spain, jcampo@odon.ucm.es. Objective: The objective of this study was to analyse publications related to examination techniques that might improve the visualisation of suspicious lesions of the oral mucosa (ViziLite(R) system and VELscope(R) system) or that might facilitate the cytological identification of suspicious lesions (OralCDx(R)). Methods: A literature search was performed, using the PubMed database and the key words "brush biopsy", "OralCDx", "ViziLite" and "Velscope", limiting the search to papers in English or Spanish published from 2002 to 2008. Results: According to the results of studies identified, the ViziLite(R) system has a sensitivity of 100% and specificity ranging from 0-14.2%, the VELscope(R) system has a sensitivity of 98-100% and specificity of 94-100% and the Oral CDx(R) system has a sensitivity of 71.4-100% and specificity of 32-100%. Conclusion: Clinical examination and histopathological confirmation with biopsy remain the gold standard for the detection of oral cancer. More randomised controlled studies are needed to confirm the positive cost-benefit relationship and the true usefulness of these "new diagnostic methods" in oral mucosal pathology.
2:	Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2009 May 1;14(5):E217-E221. Synergistic effects of cigarette smoke and saliva. Nozad-Mojaver Y, Mirzaee M, Jafarzadeh A. No # 8, Fourth alley, Kadge sq, Saadat–Abad, Tehran, IRAN, mojaver@farabi.tums.ac.ir. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of Cigarette Smoke on the human peripheral blood lymphocytes in the presence of stimulated or non-stimulated saliva in an in vitro model. Methods and Materials: Ten healthy volunteers in the age range of 21 to 29 were selected and samples of peripheral blood lymphocytes and saliva (whole and stimulated saliva) collected . Peripheral blood lymphocytes suspensions (PBS) were taken and exposed to 6 different media. Samples were collected from all media at both 20 and 80 minute time points. The survival rates of PBL were then determined at both 20 and 80 minute time points. Results: The cell survival rates following exposure to cigarette smoke (CS) in the presence of PBS supplemented with whole or stimulated saliva were significantly lower at 80 minutes when compared with the 20 minute rates (P<0.05). Conclusion: Tobacco effects were significantly increased in the presence of saliva especially stimulated saliva.
3:	Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2009 May 1;14(5):E222-E228. Langerhans cell histiocytosis: Literature review and descriptive analysis of oral manifestations. Madrigal-Martínez-Pereda C, Guerrero-Rodríguez V, Guisado-Moya B, Meniz-García C. Facultad de Odontología. UCM. Madrid. Spain, crismadrigalmp@hotmail.com. Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare disease, of unknown pathogenesis, characterized by intense and abnormal proliferation of bone marrow-derived histiocytes (Langerhans cells). It can present both local and systemic manifestations involving bone, skin and mucosal tissue, and internal organs. Three basic clinical forms develop: Letterer-Siwe disease (subacute or acute disseminated form), Hand-Schüller-Christian disease (disseminated chronic form) and eosinophilic granuloma (localized chronic form). LCH may manifest orally with single or multiple lesions of the alveolar or basal bone, ulcerated mucosal lesions accompanied by adenopathies and/or periodontal lesions, presenting gingival inflammation, bleeding, recession, necrosis, odontalgia, dental hypermobility and premature loss of teeth. The principal differential diagnoses include advanced periodontal disease or a periapical process of dental or periodontal origin. The odontologist plays a vital role in the diagnosis and multidisciplinary treatment of such patients, by performing routine examinations for periodic follow-up of the disease and its possible oral manifestations, bearing in mind that these may be the first or only signs of LCH.
4:	Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2009 May 1;14(5):E229-E231. Multiple hyperodontia: Report of a case with 17 supernumerary teeth with non syndromic association. Díaz A, Orozco J, Fonseca M. Facultad de Odontología Universidad de Cartagena. Campus de la Salud Barrio Zaragocilla. Cartagena, Colombia, antoniodiazc@yahoo.com. Supernumerary teeth or hyperodontia is an infrequent developmental alteration that appears in any area of the dental arches and can affect any dental organ. Multiple hyperodontia can be associated with several syndromes such as Gardner's, cleidocranial dysplasia, tricho-rhino phalangic syndrome or in patients with cleft lip and palate. However, it can be present in patients without any systemic pathology. The presence of supernumerary teeth is associated with different alterations in neighboring teeth, being the most common: over retained teeth or delayed eruption, ectopic eruption, dental malposition, occlusal problems, diastemas and rotated neighboring teeth, among a series of associated pathologies. The routine use of radiographic images during examination is a valuable tool that helps make the early diagnosis of these types of abnormalities. Keeping in mind that there are different treatment options, the therapeutic modalities increase. A case of a 20 year old female patient with multiple supernumerary teeth with non syndromic association is presented. The teeth were located in the maxilla and the mandible causing a severe malocclusion.
5:	Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2009 May 1;14(5):E232-E235. Oral Granulocytic Sarcoma : A case report. Osterne RL, Matos-Brito RG, Alves AP, Nogueira TN, Rocha-Filho FD, Meneses FA, Sousa FB. St Antonio Augusto, n1450, apt302, 55–85–32531556, Brazil, rafael_bbder@yahoo.com.br. Granulocytic sarcoma (GS) is a localized infiltrate of immature granulocytes in an extramedullary site. This lesion is most frequently associated with leukemia, but can occur associated with other myeloproliferative disorders. GS can affect virtually any part of the body, but oral lesions are rare, with only 37 cases described. Case Description: We present a case of GS in a 23-year-old female, with a prior history of acute myeloid leukemia, presenting with a solitary mandibular swelling in the region of the erupting lower left 3rd molar. After biopsy, conventional immunohistochemical stains were positive for CD45 (hematological marker) and myeloid markers, such as myeloperoxidase, and CD68, demonstrating a myeloid lineage with monocytic cell differentiation, suggesting the diagnosis of GS associated to AML-M5. Clinical implication: Although GS is a rare tumor in the oral cavity, and its diagnosis is usually difficult, the clinician must know of its existence in order to make a differential diagnosis.
6:	Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2009 May 1;14(5):E236-E238. Hallermann-Streiff Syndrome: A case report from Turkey. Kirzioglu Z, Ceyhan D. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Dis Hekimligi Fakü ltesi, Pedodonti Anabilim–Dali , Çünür Kampüsü, Isparta/TURKEY, zuhal@med.sdu.edu.tr. Hallermann-Streiff Syndrome (HSS) is a rare disorder characterized primarily by head and face abnormalities, with dental abnormalities also present in 50-80 percent of cases. The first description seems to have been made by Aubry in 1893. HSS was first described completely in 1948 by Hallermann, and then in 1950 by Streiff. We report a 4-year-old girl with HSS, presenting oro-dental characteristics and describe the treatment modalities. An interdisciplinary approach including early preventive-care programmes, detailed oral hygiene instructions, dietary recommendations, counselling of the parents and regular dental visits are the essential procedures.
7:	Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2009 May 1;14(5):E239-E243. Traumatic bone cyst: A retrospective study of 21 cases. Cortell-Ballester I, Figueiredo R, Berini-Aytés L, Gay-Escoda C. Centro Médico Teknon, c/ Vilana 12, 08022–Barcelona, Spain, cgay@ub.edu. Objective: To describe the clinical and radiological characteristics, and surgical findings of traumatic bone cysts. Study Design: A retrospective observational study was made of 21 traumatic bone cysts. The diagnosis was based on the anamnesis, clinical exploration, and complementary tests. Panoramic and periapical X-rays were obtained in all cases, together with computed tomography as decided by the surgeon. A descriptive statistical analysis was made of the study variables using the SPSS v12.0 for Windows. Results: There was a clear female predominance (14:7). The mean age was 26.5 years (range 8-45 years). The cysts in all cases constituted casual findings during routine radiological exploration. In those cases where computed tomographic images were available, preservation of the vestibular and lingual cortical layers was observed. Five of the 21 patients (23.8%) reported a clear antecedent of traumatism in the affected zone. All the lesions were subjected to surgery, and the cavities were found to be vacant in 90.5% of the cases. In only two patients were vascular contents seen within the cavity. Two of the patients presented postoperative paresthesia of the inferior dental nerve that subsided within two weeks. The 19 patients in whom adequate postoperative follow-up proved possible all showed complete bone healing. Conclusions: Traumatic bone cysts were a casual finding. During the surgery, most cases showed to be vacant cavity without an ephitelial lining. Careful curettage of the lesion favors progressive bone regeneration, offering a good prognosis and an almost negligible relapse rate. Other treatment options only would be justified in cases of relapse.
8:	Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2009 May 1;14(5):E244-E246. Bilateral bifid mandibular canal: A case report. Miloglu O, Yilmaz AB, Caglayan F. Department of Oral Diagnosis and Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ataturk University, Erzurum, TURKEY, omiloglu@hotmail.com. The objective of this case report is to help clinicians identify bifid mandibular canals on panoramic radiographs and subsequently use the information in the modification of dental treatment planning. A 45-year old man was referred to the service of Oral Diagnosis and Radiology. Routine panoramic radiography, suggested the presence of bilateral bifid mandibular canals (BMC). Mandibular computed tomography revealed a clear view of bilateral mandibular canals. BMC can be detected on a panoramic radiograph.
9:	Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2009 May 1;14(5):E247-E251. Treatment of comminuted mandibular fractures: A critical review. Abreu ME, Viegas VN, Ibrahim D, Valiati R, Heitz C, Pagnoncelli RM, Silva DN. Catholic Pontifical University of Rio Grande do Sul, School of Dentistry, Surgery Department, Avenue Ipiranga 6681, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, marceloemir@uol.com.br. The treatment of comminuted fractures of the mandible is challenging due both to the severity of the injuries generally associated with this type of fracture, and the lack of consensus as to the most appropriate treatment method.There are two distinct approaches for treating comminuted fractures of the mandible: closed reduction with maxillomandibular fixation (MMF) - the oldest and classical treatment - and open operation and internal fixation. The morbidity rate of closed reduction is lower but, with the advent of modern anaesthesia and antibiotics, open surgery has become more frequent. Stable internal fixation (SIF) is acheived using plates, miniplates and/or screws. The advantage of this approach is that there is a more precise reduction of the fragments, with the possibility of early function by eliminating or reducing the time of MMF. This paper reviews the main advantages, disadvantages and differences between the two techniques.
10:	Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2009 May 1;14(5):E252-E256. Laser resection of liposarcoma of the hypopharynx. Luna-Ortiz K, Campos-Ramos E, Carmona-Luna T, Mohar-Betancourt A, Ferrari-Carballo T. Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, San Fernando #22 Col. Sección XVI Tlalpan, 14080, México D.F., México, kuauhyama@starmedia.com. Liposarcomas represent between 15 and 18% of all sarcomas with the most common site being the extremities and retroperitoneum. Liposarcomas of the head and neck are rare, with an estimated incidence representing 3 to 5.6% of all liposarcomas. Liposarcomas most commonly present in the soft tissues of the neck. Primary liposarcoma of the hypopharynx (piriform sinus) is extremely rare. The symptoms presented are principally dysphagia, dyspnea, dysphonia, airway obstruction and sensation of a foreign body. Treatment of choice is surgery, and the literature describes the performance of lateral pharyngotomy, simple excision and even total laryngectomy. We present the case of a 23-year-old patient who was diagnosed 7 years prior with liposarcoma of the piriform sinus. The patient underwent surgery using a cervical approach. The tumor recurred 4 years postoperatively and the patient was again surgically intervened using the same approach. He presented to our Institute with 3 months evolution of dysphonia. Nasofibrolaryngoscopy and imaging studies were performed. Surgical treatment was decided upon with CO2 laser using suspension microlaryngoscopy, obtaining excellent results. Some of the advantages of this approach are low morbidity because of the avoidance of performing a tracheostomy, rapid return to oral feeding without necessity of a feeding tube, and reduction in hospitalization days. Disadvantage includes difficulty in evaluating margins.
11:	Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2009 May 1;14(5):E257-E262. Comparison of the remineralizing effect of a sodium fluoride mouthrinse versus a sodium monofluorophosphate and calcium mouthrinse: An in vitro study. Puig-Silla M, Montiel-Company JM, Almerich-Silla JM. Departamento de Estomatología. Universitat de Valéncia, Gascó Oliag n1 46010 Valencia, Spain, jose.m.almerich@uv.es. Objectives The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the remineralizing effect of three rinses: (A) 0.17% sodium monofluorophosphate and 0.05% calcium glycerophosphate (220 ppm fluoride), (B) 0.05% sodium fluoride (220 ppm fluoride) and (C) control mouthrinse (without fluoride or calcium). Method and Materials Demineralized areas were created in 90 pieces of bovine enamel by submerging them in an acid solution (pH 4.4) for 48 hours. Part of the surface was painted with nail varnish to preserve the demineralized area, and the specimens were assigned at random to three groups. The specimens were stored in artificial saliva at pH 7 and 37 degrees C for 30 days. Twice daily they were immersed for 60 seconds in the respective mouthrinse. Following the experimental period, the specimens were bisected and examined by scanning electron microscopy. Results The mean percentage of remineralization produced by the mouthrinses was as follows: (A) 54.08 (95% CI 46.37-61.78), (B) 38.43 (95% CI 30.89-45.98) and (C) 30.18 (95% CI 25.56-34.80). The differences between the three groups were statistically significant. Conclusion The results show that the fluoride and calcium mouthrinse has a significantly greater remineralizing capacity than the fluoride mouthrinse with the same fluoride ion concentration under the in vitro conditions of this study.