Castelo-Baz P, Varela-Patiño P, Cantatore G, Domínguez-Perez A, Ruíz-Piñón M, Miguéns-Vila R, Martín-Biedma B. In vitro comparison of passive and continuous ultrasonic irrigation in curved root canals. J Clin Exp Dent. 2016;8(4):e437-41.

 

doi:10.4317/jced.53023

http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.4317/jced.53023

 

References

1. Siqueira JF, Rôças IN. Clinical implications and microbiology of bacterial persistence after treatment procedures. J Endod. 2008;34:1291-301.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2008.07.028
PMid:18928835

 

2. Haapasalo M, Endal U, Zandi H, Coil JM. Eradication of endodontic infection by instrumentation and irrigation solutions. Endod Top. 2005;10:77-102.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-1546.2005.00135.x

 

3. Gutarts R, Nusstein J, Reader A, Beck M. In vivo debridement efficacy of ultrasonic irrigation following hand-rotary instrumentation in human mandibular molars. J Endod. 2005;31:166-70.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.don.0000137651.01496.48
PMid:15735461

 

4. Gu LS, Kim JR, Ling J, Choi KK, Pashley DH, Tay FR. Review of contemporary irrigant agitation techniques and devices. J Endod. 2009;35:791-804.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2009.03.010
PMid:19482174

 

5. de Gregorio C, Estevez R, Cisneros R, Paranjpe A, Cohenca N. Efficacy of different irrigation and activation systems on the penetration of sodium hypochlorite into simulated lateral canals and up to working length: an in vitro study. J Endod. 2010;36:1216-21.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2010.02.019
PMid:20630302

 

6. Malentacca A, Uccioli U, Zangari D, Lajolo C, Fabiani C. Efficacy and safety of various active irrigation devices when used with either positive or negative pressure: an in vitro study. J Endod. 2012;38:1622-6.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2012.09.009
PMid:23146649

 

7. Naïr PNR, Henry S, Cano V, Vera J. Microbial status of apical root canal system of human mandibular first molars with primary apical periodontitis after 'one visit' endodontic treatment. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2005; 99:231-52.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tripleo.2004.10.005
PMid:15660098

 

8. Boutsioukis C, Gogos C, Verhaagen B, Versluis M, Kastrinakis E, Van der Sluis LW. The effect of apical preparation size on the irrigant flow in root canals evaluated using an unsteady Computational Fluid Dynamics model. Int Endod J. 2010;43:874-81.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2591.2010.01761.x
PMid:20618879

 

9. Cunningham C, Senia E. A three-dimensional study of canal curvatures in the mesial roots of mandibular molars. J Endod. 1992;18:294-300.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0099-2399(06)80957-X

PMid:1402588

 

10. Amato M, Vanoni-Heineken I, Hecker H, Weiger R. Curved versus straight root canals: the benefit of activated irrigation techniques on dentin debris removal. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2011;111:529-34.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tripleo.2010.11.002
PMid:21310632

 

11. Rödig T, Döllmann S, Konietschke F, Drebenstedt S, Hülsmann M. Effectiveness of different irrigant agitation techniques on debris and smear layer removal in curved root canals: a scanning electron microscopy study. J Endod. 2010;36:1983-7.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2010.08.056
PMid:21092817

 

12. Gao Y, Haapasalo M, Shen Y, Wu H, Li B, Ruse ND, et al. Development and validation of a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model of root canal irrigation. J Endod. 2009;35:1282-7.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2009.06.018
PMid:19720232

 

13. Ahmad M, Pitt Ford TR, Crum LA, Walton AJ. Ultrasonic debridement of root canals: acoustic cavitation and its relevance. J Endod. 1988;14:486-93.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0099-2399(88)80105-5

PMid:3255774

 

14. Blume T, Neis U. Improving chlorine disinfection of waste water by ultrasound application. Water Sci Technol. 2005;52:139-44.
PMid:16459785

 

15. Van Der Sluis LW, Versluis M, Wu M, Wesselink PR. Passive ultrasonic irrigation of the root canal: a review of the literature. Int Endod J. 2007;40:415-26.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2591.2007.01243.x
PMid:17442017

 

16. Plotino G, Pameijer C, Grande N, Somma F. Ultrasonics in endodontics: a review of the literature. J Endod. 2007;33:81-95.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2006.10.008
PMid:17258622

 

17. Castelo-Baz P, Martin-Biedma B, Cantatore G, Ruíz-Piñón M, Bahillo J, Rivas-Mundiña B, et al. In vitro comparison of passive and continuous ultrasonic irrigation in simulated lateral canals of extracted teeth. J Endod. 2012;38:688-91.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2011.12.032
PMid:22515904

 

18. Al-Jadaa A, Paque F, Attin T, Zehnder M. Acoustic hypochlorite activation in simulated curved canals. J Endod. 2009;35:1408-11.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2009.07.007
PMid:19801241

 

19. Malki M, Verhaagen B, Jiang LM, Nehme W, Naaman A, Versluis M, et al. Irrigant flow beyond the insertion depth of an ultrasonically oscillating file in straight and curved root canals: visualization and cleaning efficacy. J Endod. 2012;38:657-61.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2012.02.001
PMid:22515896

 

20. Vera J, Arias A, Romero M. Effect of maintaining apical patency on irrigant penetration into the apical third of root canals when using passive ultrasonic irrigation: an in vivo study. J Endod. 2011;37:1276-8.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2011.05.042
PMid:21846547

 

21. Carver K, Nusstein J, Reader A, Beck M. In vivo antibacterial efficacy of ultrasound after hand and rotary instrumentation in human mandibular molars. J Endod. 2007;33:1038-43.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2006.11.026
PMid:17931928

 

22. Schneider SW. A comparison of root canal preparations in straight and curved
canals. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 1971;32:271-5.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0030-4220(71)90230-1

PMid:5284110

 

23. Robertson DC, Leeb IJ. The evaluation of a transparent tooth model system for the evaluation of endodontically filled teeth. J Endod. 1982;8:317-21.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0099-2399(82)80281-1

PMid:6955435

 

24. Boutsioukis C, Lambrianidis T, Kastrinakis E. Irrigant flow within a prepared root canal using various flow rates: a computational fluid dynamics study. Int Endod J. 2009;42:144-55.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2591.2008.01503.x
PMid:19134043

 

25. Moorer WR, Wesselink PR. Factors promoting the tissue dissolving capability of sodium hypochlorite. Int Endod J. 1982;15:187-96.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2591.1982.tb01277.x

PMid:6964523

 

26. Jiang LM, Verhaagen B, Versluis M, van der Sluis LW. Evaluation of a sonic device designed to activate irrigant in the root canal. J Endod. 2010;36:143-6.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2009.06.009
PMid:20003954

 

27. Usman N, Baumgartner JC, Marshall JG. Influence of instrument size on root canal debridement. J Endod. 2004;30:110-2.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004770-200402000-00012
PMid:14977309

 

28. Tay FR, Gu LS, Schoeffel GJ, Wimmer C, Susin L, Zhang K, et al. Effect of vapor lock on root canal debridement by using a side-vented needle for positive-pressure irrigant delivery. J Endod. 2010;36:745-50.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2009.11.022
PMid:20307757 PMCid:PMC2844877

 

29. Howard RK, Kirkpatrick TC, Rutledge RE, Yaccino JM. Comparison of debris removal with three different irrigation techniques. J Endod. 2011;37:1301-5.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2011.05.008
PMid:21846554

 

30. Desai P, Himel V. Comparative safety of various intracanal irrigation systems. J Endod. 2009;35:545-9.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2009.01.011
PMid:19345802