Peñarrocha-Oltra D, Ata-Ali J, Oltra-Moscardó
MJ, Peñarrocha-Diago MA, Peñarrocha M. Side effects and complications of intraosseous anesthesia and conventional oral anesthesia. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2012 May 1;17
(3):e430-4.
doi:10.4317/medoral.17512
http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.4317/medoral.17512
1. Sixou JL, Barbosa-Rogier ME. Efficacy of intraosseous
injections of anesthetic in children and adolescents. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2008;106:173-8.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tripleo.2007.12.004
PMid:18424118
2. Coggins R, Reader A, Nist
R, Beck M, Meyers WJ. Anesthetic efficacy of the intraosseous injection in maxillary and mandibular
teeth. Oral Surg Oral Med
Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 1996;81:634-41.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1079-2104(96)80067-9
3. Dunbar D, Reader A, Nist R,
Beck M, Meyers WJ. Anesthetic efficacy of the intraosseous injection after an inferior alveolar nerve
block. J Endod. 1996;22:481-6.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0099-2399(96)80083-5
4. Gallatin J, Reader A, Nusstein J, Beck M, Weaver J. A
comparison of two intraosseous anesthetic techniques
in mandibular posterior teeth. J Am Dent
Assoc. 2003;134:1476-84.
PMid:14664266
5. Leonard MS. The efficacy of an intraosseous
injection system of delivering local anesthetic. J Am Dent Assoc. 1995;126:81-6.
PMid:7822649
6. Nusstein J, Reader A, Nist
R, Beck M, Meyers WJ. Anesthetic efficacy of the supplemental intraosseous injection of 2% lidocaine
with 1:100,000 epinephrine in irreversible pulpitis. J Endod.
1998;24:487-91
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0099-2399(98)80053-8
7. Nusstein J, Wood M, Reader A, Beck M, Weaver J.
Comparison of the degree of pulpal anesthesia
achieved with the intraosseous injection and
infiltration injection using 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine. Gen Dent. 2005;53:50-3.
PMid:15779223
8. Parente
SA, Anderson RW, Herman WW, Kimbrough WF, Weller RN. Anesthetic
efficacy of the supplemental intraosseous injection
for teeth with irreversible pulpitis. J Endod. 1998;24:826-8.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0099-2399(98)80011-3
9. Prohić S, Sulejmanagić H, Secić
S. The efficacy of supplemental intraosseous
anesthesia after insufficient mandibular block.
Bosn J Basic Med Sci. 2005;5:57-60.
PMid:15771604
10. Reisman D, Reader A, Nist
R, Beck M, Weaver J. Anesthetic efficacy of the supplemental intraosseous injection of 3% mepivacaine
in irreversible pulpitis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 1997;84:676-82.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1079-2104(97)90372-3
11. Reitz J, Reader A, Nist R,
Beck M, Meyers WJ. Anesthetic efficacy of the intraosseous
injection of 0.9 mL of 2% lidocaine
(1:100,000 epinephrine) to augment an inferior alveolar nerve block. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 1998;86:516-23
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1079-2104(98)90339-0
12. Replogle K, Reader A, Nist
R, Beck M, Weaver J, Meyers WJ. Anesthetic efficacy of the intraosseous
injection of 2% lidocaine (1:100,000 epinephrine) and
3% mepivacaine in mandibular
first molars. Oral Surg Oral Med
Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 1997;83:30-7.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1079-2104(97)90087-1
13. Replogle K, Reader A, Nist R, Beck M, Weaver J, Meyers WJ. Cardiovascular effects
of intraosseous injections of 2 percent lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine
and 3 percent mepivacaine. J Am Dent Assoc. 1999;130:649-57.
PMid:10332129
14. Chamberlain TM, Davis RD, Murchison DF, Hansen SR,
Richardson BW. Systemic effects of an intraosseous
injection of 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000
epinephrine. Gen Dent. 2000;48:299-302.
PMid:11199596
15. Guglielmo A, Reader A, Nist
R, Beck M, Weaver J. Anesthetic efficacy and heart rate effects of the
supplemental intraosseous injection of 2% mepivacaine with 1:20,000 levonordefrin.
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 1999;87:284-93.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1079-2104(99)70210-6
16. Stabile P, Reader A, Gallatin E, Beck M, Weaver J.
Anesthetic efficacy and heart rate effects of the intraosseous
injection of 1.5% etidocaine (1:200,000 epinephrine)
after an inferior alveolar nerve block. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2000;89:407-11.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1079-2104(00)70120-X
17. Wood M, Reader A, Nusstein
J, Beck M, Padgett D, Weaver J. Comparison of intraosseous
and infiltration injections for venous lidocaine
blood concentrations and heart rate changes after injection of 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine. J Endod. 2005;31:435-8.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.don.0000148146.10314.1a
PMid:15917682
18. Bigby J, Reader A, Nusstein
J, Beck M, Weaver J. Articaine for supplemental intraosseous anesthesia in patients with irreversible pulpitis. J Endod. 2006;32:1044-7.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2006.06.006
PMid:17055903
19. Margaix-Muñoz M, Jiménez-Soriano Y, Poveda-Roda R, Sarrión G.
Cardiovascular diseases in dental practice.
Practical considerations. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal.
2008;13:E296-302.
PMid:18449113
20. Gómez-Moreno G, Guardia J, Cutando A, Calvo-Guirado JL. Pharmacological
interactions of vasoconstrictors. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2009;14:E20-7.
PMid:19114951
21. Jensen J, Nusstein J, Drum M, Reader A, Beck M.
Anesthetic efficacy of a repeated intraosseous
injection following a primary intraosseous injection.
J Endod. 2008;34:126-30.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2007.11.020
PMid:18215666
22. Vasconcelos BC, Freitas K, Canuto
M. Frequency of positive aspirations in anesthesia of the inferior alveolar
nerve by the direct technique. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2008;13:E371-4.
PMid:18521056
23. Rawson RD, Orr DL 2nd. Vascular penetration following intraligamental injection. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1985;43:600-4.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0278-2391(85)90128-4
24. Gallatin E, Stabile P, Reader A, Nist
R, Beck M. Anesthetic efficacy and heart rate effects of the intraosseous injection of 3% mepivacaine
after an inferior alveolar nerve block. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2000;89:83-7.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1079-2104(00)80019-0
25. Pipa-Vallejo A, García-Pola-Vallejo MJ. Local anesthetics in dentistry. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2004;9:440-3;438-40.
26. Silvestre FJ, Salvador-Martínez I, Bautista D,
Silvestre-Rangil J. Clinical study of hemodynamic
changes during extraction in controlled hypertensive patients. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2011;16:e354-8.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4317/medoral.16.e354
27. Ezmek B, Arslan A, Delilbasi C, Sencift K. Comparison of hemodynamic effects of lidocaine, prilocaine and mepivacaine solutions without vasoconstrictor in
hypertensive patients. J Appl Oral Sci. 2010;18:354-9.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1678-77572010000400006
PMid:20835569
28. Liau FL, Kok SH, Lee
JJ, Kuo RC, Hwang CR, Yang PJ,et al. Cardiovascular influence of dental anxiety
during local anesthesia for tooth extraction. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2008;105:16-26.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tripleo.2007.03.015
PMid:17656135