Mozo S, Llena C, Forner L. Review of ultrasonic irrigation in endodontics: increasing action of irrigating solutions. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2012 May 1;17 (3):e512-6.

 

doi:10.4317/medoral.17621

http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.4317/medoral.17621

 

 

1. Lee SJ, Wu MK, Wesselink PR. The efficacy of ultrasonic irrigation to remove artificially placed dentine debris from different-sized simulated plastic root canals. Int Endod J. 2004;37:607-12.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2591.2004.00857.x
PMid:15317564

2. Hülsmann M, Hahn W. Complications during root canal irrigation: literature review and case reports. Int Endod J. 2000;33:186-93.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2591.2000.00303.x
PMid:11307434

3. Briseno BM, Wirth R, Hamm G, Standhartinger W. Efficacy of different irrigation methods and concentrations of root canal irrigation solutions on bacteria in the root canal. Endod Dent Traumatol. 1992;8:6-11.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-9657.1992.tb00218.x

4.
Al-Jadaa A, Paqué F, Attin T, Zehnder M. Acoustic hypochlorite activation in simulated curved canals. J Endod. 2009; 35:1408-11.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2009.07.007
PMid:19801241

5. Gu LS, Kim JR, Ling J, Choi KK, Pashley DH, Tay FR. Review of contemporary irrigant agitation techniques and devices. J Endod. 2009;35:791-804.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2009.03.010
PMid:19482174

6. Plotino G, Pameijer CH, Grande NM, Somma F. Ultrasonics in endodontics: a review of the literature. J Endod. 2007;33:81-95.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2006.10.008
PMid:17258622

7. Lea SC, Walmsley AD, Lumley PJ. Analyzing endosonic root canal file oscillations: an in vitro evaluation. J Endod. 2010;36:880-3.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2009.12.027
PMid:20416438

8. Al-Jadaa A, Paqué F, Attin T, Zehnder M. Necrotic pulp tissue dissolution by passive ultrasonic irrigation in simulated accessory canals: impact of canal location and angulation. Int Endod J. 2009;42:59-65.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2591.2008.01497.x
PMid:19125981

9. Martin H. Ultrasonic disinfection of the root canal. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1976;42:92-9.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0030-4220(76)90035-9

10.
Martin H, Cunningham W. Endosonic endodontics: the ultrasonic synergistic system. Int Dent J. 1984;34:198-203.
PMid:6592150

11. Abbott PV, Heijkoop PS, Cardaci SC, Hume WR, Heithersay GS. An SEM study of the effects of different irrigation sequences and ultrasonics. Int Endod J.1991; 24:308-16.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2591.1991.tb00141.x
PMid:1820364

12. Klyn SL, Kirkpatrick TC, Rutledge RE. in vitro comparison of debris removed of the Endoactivator System, the F File, ultrasonic irrigation, and NaOCl irrigation alone after hand rotary instrumentation in human mandibular molars. J Endod. 2010;36:1367-71.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2010.03.022
PMid:20647098

13. van der Sluis LW, Versluis M, Wu MK, Wesselink PR. Passive ultrasonic irrigation of the root canal: a review of the literature. Int Endod J. 2007;40:415-26.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2591.2007.01243.x
PMid:17442017

14. van der Sluis LW,Wu MK, Wesselink PR. A comparison between a smooth wire and a K-file in removing artificially placed dentine debris from root canals in resin blocks during ultrasonic irrigation. Int Endod J. 2005;38:593-6.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2591.2005.00921.x
PMid:16104971

15. Lottanti S, Gautschi H, Sener B, Zehnder M. Effects of ethylenediaminetetraacetic, etidronic and peracetic acid irrigation on human root dentine and the smear layer. Int Endod J. 2009;42:335-43.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2591.2008.01514.x
PMid:19220516

16. Munley PJ, Goodell GG. Comparison of passive ultrasonic debridement between fluted and nonfluted instruments in root canals. J Endod.2007; 33:578-80.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2007.01.009
PMid:17437876

17. Weller RN, Brady JM, Bernier WE. Efficacy of ultrasonic cleaning. J Endod.1980;6:740-3.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0099-2399(80)80185-3

18.
Desai P, Himel V. Comparative safety of various intracanal irrigation systems. J Endod.2009; 35:545-9.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2009.01.011
PMid:19345802

19. Serafino C, Gallina G, Cumbo E, Monticelli F, Goracci C, Ferrari M. Ultrasound effects after post space preparation: An SEM study. J Endod. 2006;32:549-52.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2005.07.003
PMid:16728248

20. Rödig T, Sedghi M, Konietschke F, Lange K, Ziebolz D, Hülsmann M. Efficacy of syringe irrigation, RinsEndo and passive ultrasonic irrigation in removing debris from irregularities in root canals with different apical sizes. Int Endod J. 2010;43:581-9.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2591.2010.01721.x
PMid:20636517

21. Townsend C, Maki J. An in vitro comparison of new irrigation and agitation techniques to ultrasonic agitation in removing bacteria from a simulated root canal. J Endod. 2009;35:1040-3.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2009.04.007
PMid:19567330

22. Cameron JA. Factors affecting the clinical efficiency of ultrasonic endodontics: a scanning electron microscopy study. Int Endod J. 1995;28:47-53.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2591.1995.tb00156.x
PMid:7642329

23. Tasdemir T, Er K, Celik D, Yildirim T. Effect of passive ultrasonic irrigation on apical extrusion of irrigating solution. Eur J Dent. 2008;2:198-203.
PMid:19212547    PMCid:2635903

24. Carver K, Nusstein J, Al Reader, Beck M, Al Reader, Beck M. In vivo antibacterial efficacy of ultrasound after hand and rotatory instrumentation in human mandibular molars. J Endod. 2007;33:1038-43.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2006.11.026
PMid:17931928

25. Huque J, Kota K, Yamaga M, Iwaku M, Hoshino E. Bacterial eradication from root dentine by ultrasonic irrigation with sodium hypochlorite. Int Endod J. 1998;31:242-50.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2591.1998.00156.x

26.
Haapasalo M, Shen Y, Qian W, Gao Y. Irrigation in endodontics. Dent Clin North Am. 2010; 54:291-312.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cden.2009.12.001
PMid:20433979

27. Stock CJ. Current status of the use of ultrasound in endodontics.
Int Dent J. 1991;41:175-82.
PMid:1860725

28. Uroz-Torres D, González-Rodríguez MP, Ferrer-Luque CM.
Effectiveness of the EndoActivator System in removing the smear layer after root canal instrumentation. J Endod. 2010;36:308-11.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2009.10.029
PMid:20113797

29. Goel S, Tewary S. Smear layer removal with passive ultrasonic irrigation and the NaviTip FX: a scanning electron microscopic study. Oral Surg Oral med oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2009;108:465-70.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tripleo.2009.04.023
PMid:19576804

30. Jensen SA, Walker TL, Hutter JW, Nicoll BK. Comparison of the cleaning efficacy of passive sonic activation and passive ultrasonic activation after hand instrumentation in molar root canals.
J Endod. 1999;25:735-8.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0099-2399(99)80120-4